图1显示了SLES、SLES/CAPB和SLES/CAPB/CCB系统的粘弹性模量(麦克斯韦型响应)。如下表所示,SLES/CAPB系统形成了长蠕虫状胶束,其轮廓长度L ̅为445.8 nm,短的纠缠长度le和持久长度lp表明蠕虫状胶束的高度纠缠和灵活性。然而,sample2和sample3对比发现,加入CCB后,胶束的纠缠程度和潜在缩短似乎要弱得多。加入2%重量比的CCB后,蠕虫状胶束的轮廓长度L ̅减少到其原始长度的约20%,而持久长度没有显著降低。这表明SLES/CAPB中的长柔性蠕虫状胶束变形为更短、更硬的棒状。这种结构变化可能是我们在SLES/CAPB/CCB系统中观察到的流变现象的根本原因,即随着CCB添加量的增加,粘度降低。
结论
这种复杂的生物表面活性剂/表面活性剂三元体系的初步流变学和微观结构研究利用DWS微观流变学揭示了配方条件对混合物流变学反应的影响。这种独特的表征技术扩展了频率范围,使我们能够提取蠕虫状胶束的关键微观结构参数。所有测量都是用DWS RheoLab进行的。参考文献[1]中发表了这项研究的更全面的说明。
参考文献
[1] Xu L, Amin S. Microrheological study of ternary surfactant‐biosurfactant mixtures. International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 2019 May 17.
[2] Amin S, Blake S, Kennel R, Lewis E. Revealing new structural insights from surfactant micelles through DLS, microrheology and Raman spectroscopy. Materials. 2015; 8(6):3754-66.
[3] Oelschlaeger C, Schopferer M, Scheffold F, Willenbacher N. Linear-to-branched micelles transition: A rheometry and diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) study. Langmuir. 2008 Dec 16; 25(2):716-23.
[4] Li Z, Dai L, Wang D, Mao L, Gao Y. Stabilization and rheology of concentrated emulsions using the natural emulsifiers quillaja saponins and rhamnolipids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2018 Mar 29; 66(15):3922-9.
[5] Mason TG, Weitz DA. Optical measurements of frequency-dependent linear viscoelastic moduli of complex fluids. Physical Review Letters. 1995 Feb 13; 74(7):1250.
[6] van Zanten JH, Amin S, Abdala AA. Brownian motion of colloidal spheres in aqueous PEO solutions. Macromolecules. 2004 May 18; 37(10):3874-80.
[7] Amin S, Rega CA, Jankevics H. Detection of viscoelasticity in aggregating dilute protein solutions through dynamic light scattering-based optical microrheology. Rheologica Acta. 2012 Apr 1; 51(4):329-42.
[8] Abdala AA, Amin S, van Zanten JH, Khan SA. Tracer microrheology study of a hydrophobically modified comblike associative polymer. Langmuir. 2015 Mar 24; 31(13):3944-51.
[9] Willenbacher N, Oelschlaeger C, Schopferer M, Fischer P, Cardinaux F, Scheffold F. Broad bandwidth optical and mechanical rheometry of wormlike micelle solutions. Physical Review Letters. 2007 Aug 10; 99(6):068302.